British skater Madge Cave Syers captured the primary women’s title and received the bronze in pairs together with her husband, Edgar Syers. Egypt, the British Virgin Islands, Monaco, Puerto Rico, and Senegal made their Winter Olympics debuts as a Winter Games-file variety of national Olympic committees (49) competed at Sarajevo. Only the British group and American Theresa Weld, who won the bronze medals in pairs and women’s singles respectively, prevented a Scandinavian sweep. Norway topped the medals desk with a complete of 17, and the Scandinavian countries, which altogether captured 28 of the 43 medals awarded, dropped their previous objections. The primary organized worldwide competitors involving winter sports activities was launched just 5 years after the birth of the trendy Olympics in 1896. This competitors, the Nordic Games, included solely athletes from the Scandinavian nations and was held quadrennially in Sweden, starting in 1901. Figure skating was included in the Olympics for the primary time in the 1908 Summer Games in London, though the skating competitors was not actually held till October, some three months after the other events had been over. The good Ulrich Salchow (Sweden) gained the primary Olympic gold medal awarded for men’s determine skating. Nordic nations dominated the figure skating occasions.

Although Yang outperformed Johnson in seven events, the American’s dominance in the throwing occasions made the distinction, and he outscored Yang by fifty eight factors to win the gold medal. The decathlon featured a tightly contested battle between Rafer Johnson of the United States and Yang Chuan-kwang of Taiwan, close buddies who each attended the University of California at Los Angeles and skilled under the same coach. Conspicuously absent from the Alpine occasions were 1980 gold medalists Ingemar Stenmark (Sweden) and Hanni Wenzel (Liechtenstein), who were considered professionals and had been thus banned from Olympic competition. Within the men’s competitors Scott Hamilton (U.S.) edged out Brian Orser (Canada) to win the gold. Within the men’s slalom twin brothers Phil and Steve Mahre (U.S.) took the gold and silver, respectively. Another Swedish skater, Svea Norén, received the silver in women’s singles, whereas Norwegians captured silver within the men’s and pairs occasions, as well as the bronze within the men’s singles. Djokovic had previously gained all three other Grand Slam events the year earlier than, which gave him a non-calendar 12 months Grand Slam as effectively.

Middle-distance runner Peter Snell of new Zealand won the primary of his three profession gold medals. Australian groups, which between them received all but one of the gold medals. In order to encourage participation, the International Olympic Committee agreed to pay the expenses of one male and one feminine participant from every nation. I learn a wonderful guide by Arthur C. Clarke, Childhood’s End, where at one level form of everything was automated, and nobody had any job anymore. Automated teller machines (ATMs) started distributing solely euros on January 1, 2002. Throughout the "dual circulation period," until the final deadlines were reached for changeover, each national currencies and the euro had been accepted, but after that time solely the euro was acceptable legal tender. Two years later an agreement was reached to rejoice an IOC-sanctioned International Winter Sports Week. Only two years separated the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France, and the 1994 Games in Lillehammer, Norway. The Games staged in St. Moritz, Switzerland, in 1928 have been formally designated the second Winter Olympics. From 1928 the Winter Games were held every four years in the identical calendar yr because the Summer Games.

Thereafter the Winter and Summer Games had been each held quadrennially, alternating in even-numbered years. Taped footage of the Games was flown to New York City at the tip of every day and broadcast on the CBS television network in the United States. Canada captured the gold price medal in ice hockey, with the United States winning silver and Czechoslovakia finishing with the bronze. Gold-medal-successful ice dancers Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean (U.K.) redefined the sport with their mesmerizing interpretation of Maurice Ravel’s Boléro. Although the coat of arms of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation showed a black eagle with pink legs in opposition to a gold background, those were not the official colours of the empire. The German Navy was originally recognized as the Bundesmarine (Federal Navy) from 1956 to 1995, when Deutsche Marine (German Navy) became the official identify with respect to the 1990 incorporation of the East German Volksmarine (People's Navy).

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